12th M.C.Q.
For H.S.C. Examination Section A of M.C.Q. having wattage for 4 Marks . There are some multiple choice questions of various topics as a sample.
1.Genetic basis of inheritance.
1) Mendel was the native of------------------------
A) France B) Sweden
C) India D) Austria
2) Mendel studied on pea plant in-----------
A) Vienna University
B) University of Austria
B) University of Austria
C) Monestry of Brun
D) School of Brun
D) School of Brun
3) Mendel proposed which of the following term for hereditary units
A) Factor (determiner) B) Genome
C) Genetic particleD) None of theabove
4) The resemblance of individuals to their progenitors is called---------------
A) Heredity B) Genetics
C) Evolution D) None of these
5) In genetics, the use of chequer board was done by--------------
A) Mendel B) Correns
C) Punnet D) Darwin
6) Who has putforth Mendel's conclusions in the form of laws
A) Bateson B) Correns
C) Punnet D) Johanssen
7) In 1900 A.D. three biologists independently discovered Mendel's principles. They are ------------------
A) De Vries, Correns andTschermak
B) Sutton, Morgan and Bridges
B) Sutton, Morgan and Bridges
C) Avery, McLeod and McCarthy D) Bateson, Punnet and Bridges
8) Which of the following has been used for genetic researches
A) Pisum B) Neurospora
C) E. coli D) All the above
9) Who out of the following was of the strong opinion that acquired characteristics are inherited--------------
A) Lamarck B) Lysenko
C) Mendel D) Huxley
10) Who gave first experimental evidence of the polygenic concept of inheritance
A) Galton (1883) B) Malthus (1828)
C) Nilsson Ehle D) None of the above
11) Organism of pure line is that which produce individuals of--------------
A) Dominant characters
B) Recessive characters
B) Recessive characters
C) Its own characters
D) Intermediate type
D) Intermediate type
12) The main reason for the success of Mendel was
A) Study of all the characters at the same time
B) Study of one character at one time
C) Study of all the plants at the same time
D) Counting of plants
13) How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea pod were chosen by Mendel
A) 2 B) 3
C) 4 D) 7
14)The term "genotype'' was coined by---------------
A) H.J. Muller B) T. Boveri
C) W.S. Sutton D) W.L. Johanssen
15) An organism's genetic constitution is called its--------------------------
A) Genotype B) Phenotype
C) Holotype D) None of these
16) If a pea plant is represented by Rr, what type of information is obtained
A) Phenotypic
B) Genotypic
B) Genotypic
C) Both (a) and (b)
D) About number of chromosomes
D) About number of chromosomes
17) What type of gametes will form by genotype RrYy
A) RY, Ry, rY, ry B) RY, Ry, ry, ry
C) Ry, Ry, Yy, ry D) Rr, RR, Yy, YY
18) When two individuals are similar in external appearance but differ in their genetic makeup, they are called as ---------------------
A) Phenotype B) Genotype
C) Homozygous D) Heterozygous
19) Who proposed the term 'Allelomorph'
A) De Vries B) Morgan
C) Tschermak D) Bateson
20) The term 'allelomorphic' implies
A) Any two characters
B) A pair of contrasting characters
B) A pair of contrasting characters
C) Sex linked characters
D) A pair of non-contrasting characters
D) A pair of non-contrasting characters
21) The alleles are ----------------
A) A pair of genes governing a specific character such as tallness or dwarfness
B) Multiple forms of genes
C) Genes governing eye characters
D) Genes present in allosomes
21) An allele is said to be dominant if -------------------
A) It is expressed only in heterozygous combination
B) It is expressed only in homozygous combination
C) It is expressed in both homozygous and heterozygous condition
D) It is expressed only in second generation
A) Heterozygous B) Dominant
C) Recessive D) Lethal
23) Organisms phenotypically similar but genotypically different are said to be -------------
A) Heterozygous B) Monozygous
C) Multizygous D) Homozygous
24) Which genotype characterizes an organism that is heterozygous for two genes
A) RRYy B) RrYY
C) RRYY D) RrYy
25) The dwarfness in plants of F2 generation is ----------------------
A) Recessive B) Dominant
C) Both the above D) None of the above
26) For understanding the genotype of an offspring which cross should be performed-------------
A) With the parent having dominant characters
B) With the parent having recessive characters
C) With any of the plant
D) With plant showing incomplete dominance
27) In one cross between red flower and white flower the offsprings have red flower in majority and white flowers are much less. In this cross red colour character is ---------
A) Dominant B) Assorted
C) Recessive D) Hybrid
28) If two opposite alleles come together, one finding morphological expression masking the other, the fact is described as law of -------------------
A) Inheritance B) Dominance
C) Limiting factor D) Segregation
29) Which is a dominant character of a pod of pea
A) Constricted shape B) Inflated shape
C) Conical shape D) Fusiform shape
30) In Mendel's experiment nature of seed coat, flower colour, position of flower, pod colour, stem height etc. are referred to as-----------------
A) Alleles B) Genotypes
C) Phenotypes D) All of above
31) Mendel chose the pea plant to study genetics because of many qualities. One of them which he did not consider was --------------
A) Plant height B) Plant colour
C) Pod shape D) Pod colour
32) Mendel enunciated------------
A) Two principles of inheritance
B) Three principles of inheritance
C) Four principles of inheritance
D) Five principles of inheritance
33) Mendel formulated some laws which are known as ------------
A) Laws of germplasm
B) Laws of origin of species
C) Laws of recapitulation
D) Laws of inheritance
34) The first law of Mendel
A) Law of inheritance B) Law of variation
C) Law of independent assortment D) Law of segregation
35) An exception to Mendel's law is ------------------
A) Law of independent assortment B) Law of segregation
C) Law of dominance D) Law of linkage
36) When heterozygous tall plants are self-pollinated than tall and dwarf plants are obtained, this is explain to ----------------
A) Law of purity of gamete B) Segregation of law
C) Division in spores D) Independent assortment
37) Mendel's principle of segregation was based on the separation of alleles in the garden pea during------------------
A) Pollination B) Embryonic development
C) Seed formation D) Gamete formation
38) In Mendelism, linkage was not observed due to ----------------
A) Mutation B) Independent assortment
C) Synapsis D) Crossing over
39) Mendel's law of heredity can be explained with the help of--------------
A) Mitosis B) Meiosis
C) Both mitosis and meiosis D) None of the above
40) A cross between plants having RRYY and rryy composition will yield plants with
A) Round and yellow seeds B) Round and green seeds
C) Wrinkled and yellow seeds D) Wrinkled and green seeds
41)The genotype of an individual is Rr Bb. How many different types of gametes will it produce based on the law of independent assortment
A) 16 B) 9 C) 8 D) 4
42) How many different kinds of gametes may be produced by an organism with the genotype RrYy
A) One B) Two C) Three D) Four
43) Which of the following is heterozygous for two pairs of alleles
A) TTRR B) TrRR C) ttrr D) TrtR
44) Change of male and female parents during crosses is known as--------------
A) Back cross B) Test cross
C) Reciprocal cross D) Monohybrid cross
45) A cross between a homozygous recessive and a heterozygous plant is called ---
A) Monohybrid cross B) Dihybrid cross
C) Test cross D) Back cross
46) Cross between F1 plant and recessive female plant is called ----------------
A) Back cross B) Test cross
C) Out cross D) Mutation
47) In F2 generation, a phenotypic ratio of 1:1:1:1 exhibits--------------
A) Back cross B) Monohybrid test cross
C) Lethality D) Dihybrid test cross
48) 1: 1 phenotypic ratio in a test cross indicates that the----------
A) Alleles are codominant
B) Dominant phenotype of parent was heterozygous
C) Alleles segregated independently
D) Alleles are dominant
49) When a cross is made between offspring and its parents, it is known as ----------
A) Monohybrid cross B) Dihybrid cross
C) Back cross D) Reciprocal cross
50) Which of the statement is correct
A) Each back cross is a test cross
B) Each test cross is a back cross
C) Both tests have the same meaning
D) Reappearance of similar characters in a test cross is called a back cross
51) Which of the following is genotypic ratio of F2 Mendel's monohybrid cross
A) 1 : 3 B) 3 : 1 C) 1 : 2 : 1 D) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
52) In dihybrid cross, out of 16 plants obtained, the number of genotypes shall be----
A) 4 B) 9 C) 16 D) 12
53) Which genotype represents a true dihybrid condition
A) Tt Rr B) tt rr C) Tt rr D) Tt RR
54) In hybridization, Tt x tt give rise to the progeny of ratio -------------
A) 1 : 1 B) 1 : 2 C) 2 : 1 D) 1 : 2: 1
55) If in a dihybrid cross Mendel had used two such characters which have linked, he would have faced difficulty in explaining the results in the basis of his---------------
A) Law of segregation B) Law of multiple factor hypothesis
C) Law of independent assortment D) Law of dominance
56) If dwarf pea plant was treated with Gibberellic acid, it grew as tall as the pure tall pea plant. If this treated plant is crossed with a pure tall plant then the phenotypic ratio of is likely to be -------
A) All dwarf B) 50% dwarf 50% tall
C) 75% tall 25% dwarf D) All tall
57) In pea hybrids between red flowered and white flowered strains were crossed back to pure red flowered strain. The progeny of this cross will have ------------
A) Red flowers only B) White flowers only
C) Equal number of red and white flowers D) Mostly red flowers
58) If a plant heterozygous for tallness is selfed, the F2 generation has both tall and dwarf plants. This proves the principle of --------------------------
A) Dominance B) Segregation
C) Independent assortment D) Incomplete dominance
59) If a homozygous red-flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous white-flowered plant, the offspring would be ---------------
A) Half red-flowered B) Half white-flowered
C) All red-flowered D) Half pink-flowered
60) When experimenting with the factor of tallness in Pisum sativum, Mendel obtained the results 73.97% tall and 26.03% dwarf from one of the cross. This shows that the parents are--------------------------
A) Hybrid tall and pure dwarf plant B) Hybrid tall and pure tall plant
C) Hybrid tall and hybrid tall plant D) Pure tall and pure dwarf plant
61) In Mirabilis & Antirrhinum plant the appearance of the pink hybrid (Rr) between cross of a red (RR) and white (rr) flower parent indicates:------
A) Incomplete dominance B) Segregation
C) Dominance D) Heterosis
62. Exception to mendel's law is found in flower colour of--------------
A) Mirabilis B) Sweet - pea
C) Garden-pea D) Beans
63) RR (red) is crossed with ww (white). All Rw offspring’s are pink. This indicates that R-gene is----------------
A) Hybrid B) Incompletely dominant
C) Recessive D) Mutant
64) In case of incomplete dominance the monohybrid ratio of phenotypes in F2 generation is --------------------------
A)1:2:1 B)3:1:1 C)9:3:3:1 D)2:3:1
65) A white flowered mirabilis plant rr was crossed with red coloured RR, If 120 plants are produced in F2 generation .the result would be -------------------
A) 90 uniformly coloured & 30 white
B) 90 Non-uniformly coloured & 30 white
C) 60 Non-uniformly coloured & 60 white
D) All coloured & No white
66) When the phenotypic and genotypic ratios resemble in the F2 generation it is an example of --------------
A) Independent assortment B) Qualitative inheritance
C) Segregation of factors D) Incomplete dominance
67) The genes controlling the seven pea characters studied by Mendel are known to be located on how many different chromosomes ------------------
A) Seven B) Six C) Five D) Four
68) When certain character is inherited only through the female parent, it probably represents the case of--------------------------
A) Mendelian nuclear inheritance B) Multiple plastid inheritance
C) Cytoplasmic inheritance D) Incomplete dominance
69) Mendel did not include in his laws ---------------------
A) Segregation B) Dominance
C) Purity of gametes D) Linkage
68) If mendel has chosen to study traits determined by. linked genes he would not have discovered---
A) Law of segregation B) Law of dominance
C) Law of independant assortment D) Law of unit character
69). Which law would have been violated if mendel had chosen eight characters in garden -pea ---------------
A) Law of dominance B) Law of segregation
C) Principle of independant assortment D) Law of purity of gametes
70) Mendel had a difficulty in explaining the linked characters due to -----------
A) Law of dominance B) Law of segregation
C) Law of independant assortment D) All the above
71) In Mirabilis jalapa when homozygous red flowered and white flowered plants are crossed, all F1: plants have pink coloured flowers. In F2 produced by selfing of F1 plants, red, pink, white flowered plants would appear respectively in the
ratio of --------------
A)1:1:2 , B)2:1:1 C) 1:0:1 D) 1:2:1
72) The main aim of plant breeding is -----------
A) To produce improved varieties B) To make soil fertile
C) To controle pollution D) To become more progressive
73) Plants having similar genotypes produced by plantbreeding are called------
A) Clone B) Haploid C) Autopolyploid D) Genome
74) If mendel might have studies 7 pairs of characters in a plant with 12 chromosomes, instead of 14,then----------------
A) He could not discover independent assortment
B) He might have not discovered linkage
C) He might have discovered crossing-over
D) He might have not observed dominance
75) Plant, which does not obeys Mendel's laws ------------
A) Mirabilis jalapa B) Pisum sativum
C) Cicer aurietinum D) Iberis amara
76) The first attempt to show linkage in plants was done-----
A) Pisum sativum B) Lathyrus odoratus
C) Zea mays D) Oenothera lamarckiana
77) In case of incomplete dominance, F2 generation has------------
A) Genotypic ratio equal to phenotypic ratio
B) Genotypic ratio is 3:1
C) Phenotypic ratio is 3:1
D) None
78) Genes controlling seven traits in pea studied by mendel were actually located on ---------------
A) Seven chromosomes B) Six chromosomes
C) Four chromosomes D) Five chromosomes
79)Mendelian dihybrid and dihybrid with linkage are respectively realated with how many chromosomes ---------------
A) 1 pair & 2 pair B) 2 pair & 1 pair
C) 2 pair & 2 pair D) 1 pair & 1 pair
80) Incomplete dominance occurs in :-
A) Mirabilis B) Antirrhinum
C) Andulasion fowl D) All of the above
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